Hand Pump - Evolution and Current Designs

Hand Pump is a machine using Slider - Crank Mechanism ( It is an inversion of Slider - Crank Mechanism)

http://www.geetaengg.co.in/shallow-hand-pump.html  Prices on 24 April 2017


http://www.waterhandpumps.com/4no-stainless-steel-handpump.html

http://interaide.org/watsan/sl/price-list-for-india-mark-ii-and-kardia-hand-pumps/

http://www.aovinternational.com/hand-pumps.html

Sewing Machine - Mechanisms and Design

History Sewing Machine
http://www.ehow.com/about_6586511_history-antique-sewing-machines.html

Stitches - The History of Sewing Machines

History of the Sewing Machine - Moah

1849 John Bachelder's Patent Model of a Sewing Machine

http://www.tfsr.org/pub/technical_info/sewing_machine_manual/Getting_started_how_sewing_machines_work.pdf

Kinematic analysis of the sewing mechanims of overedge machine
http://www.fibtex.lodz.pl/55_20_79.pdf

GIF showing mechanism of sewing machine - thread becoming a loop
http://www.core77.com/blog/object_culture/gifs_that_explain_basic_mechanisms_17220.asp

Optimization examples of industrial sewing machines mechanisms
http://www.ep.liu.se/ecp/063/089/ecp11063089.pdf

Air Conditioning - Patents - History

On 17 July 1902,  the first air (temperature and humidity) conditioning went into operation in a Brooklyn printing plant.  Fluctuations in heat and humidity in the plant had been causing the dimensions of the printing paper to keep altering slightly, enough to ensure a misalignment of the colored inks. The new air conditioning machine created a stable environment and aligned four-color printing became possible.

This was done by Willis Haviland Carrier, within one year after he  graduated from Cornell University with a Masters in Engineering,  who started on a salary of $10.00 per week.


The 'Apparatus for Treating Air' (U.S. Pat# 808897) granted in 1906, was the first patent awarded to Willis Haviland Carrier. Even though, the recognized 'father of air conditioning' is Carrier,  the term 'air conditioning'  was actually originated by Stuart H. Cramer, who  used the phrase 'air conditioning' in a 1906 patent claim filed for a device that added water vapor to the air in textile plants - to condition the yarn.

In 1911, Willis Haviland Carrier disclosed his basic Rational Psychrometric Formulae to theAmerican Society of Mechanical Engineers. The formula still stands today as the basis in all fundamental calculations for the air conditioning industry.  The story is that Carrier he received his 'flash of genius' for the theory while waiting for a train. It was a foggy night and his mind drifted into the problem of temperature and humidity control. By the time the train arrived, Carrier had got the explanation or  understanding of the relationship between temperature, humidity and dew point.

Industries flourished with the new ability to control the temperature and humidity levels during and after production.  Willis along with six other engineers formed the Carrier Engineering Corporation in 1915 with a starting capital of $35,000 (1995 sales topped $5 billion) to focus on developing air conditioning technology.

In 1921, Willis Haviland Carrier patented the centrifugal refrigeration machine. The 'centrifugal chiller' was the first practical method of air conditioning large spaces.


http://www.invent.org/hall_of_fame/29.html
http://inventors.about.com/library/weekly/aa081797.htm



Recent patents

1984  http://www.google.com/patents/US4478053

1991   http://www.google.com/patents/US5050396

1998  http://www.google.com/patents/US5709103

2003 http://www.google.com/patents/US6577487

Construction Equipment and Earth Moving Machinery

 

Types of Equipment.

 

Articulated Dump Trucks.

Backhoe loaders.

Crawler Dozers.

High Speed Dozers.

Cralwer Loaders.

Compact Excavators.

Excavators.

Loaders.

Landscape Loaders.

Motor Graders.

Skid Steers.

Compact Track Loaders.

Waste Handler Loaders.

Waste Handler Dozers.

Scraper Tractors.

Scrapers.

 

 

http://www.deere.com/en_US/cfd/construction/deere_const/media/zmag/09_fleet_guide.html

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Dump Trucks

 

Dump trucks are trucks used for transporting loose material such as sand, dirt, and gravel for construction. The dump truck is equipped with a hydraulically operated open box bed hinged at the rear, with the front portion being able to be lifted up to allow the contents to fall out on the ground at the site of delivery.

Articulated Dump Truck - Videos

 

Backhoe loaders.

 

A backhoe loader is a versatile, multipurpose machine that can be used as an excavator and as a loader  which allows you to quickly travel on the road to the job site.  It has a working face at the front band the rear side.

 

 

Diesel-fueled engines mounted on backhoe loaders drive the torque converter and shift gearbox. The hydraulic pressure generated by the pump transmits the oil to the cylinders to move the front and rear work equipment of the machine. The operator performs heavy-duty jobs that require a large amount of power by moving levers or joysticks with little effort. Servo-actuated controls enable greater operator comfort.

 

Backhoe loaders are available in various configurations, with the main difference being the steering modes (e.g., four-wheel steering feature allows you to operate in narrow spaces, extending versatility of the machine). The optional telescopic arm extends the flexibility for attaining the maximum digging depth. Rear outriggers, which can be vertical or horizontal, increase machine stability while digging. A backhoe attachment can be mounted or adjusted to allow digging along the walls.

http://www.komatsu.com/ProductInfo/compactequipment/backhoeloader/index.html

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Reference for Articles on Equipment

http://www.ritchiewiki.com/wiki/index.php/About_the_Wiki_Project

1800n articles and 11,000 specifications

Original Knol - http://knol.google.com/k/narayana-rao/construction-equipment-and-earth-moving/2utb2lsm2k7a/ 1745